Dear All, I’ve been away so the list is longer than usual. I hope you find something of interest for your summer reading!  All best, Londa

1. Fujii, T., Seaborn, K., & Steeds, M. (2024). Silver-tongued and sundry: Exploring intersectional pronouns with ChatGPT. Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Article No. 511. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642303  ChatGPT is a conversational agent built on a large language model. Trained on a significant portion of human output, ChatGPT can mimic people to a degree. As such, we need to consider what social identities ChatGPT simulates (or can be designed to simulate). In this study, we explored the case of identity simulation through Japanese first-person pronouns, which are tightly connected to social identities in intersectional ways, i.e., intersectional pronouns. We conducted a controlled online experiment where people from two regions in Japan (Kanto and Kinki) witnessed interactions with ChatGPT using ten sets of first-person pronouns. We discovered that pronouns alone can evoke perceptions of social identities in ChatGPT at the intersections of gender, age, region, and formality, with caveats. This work highlights the importance of pronoun use for social identity simulation, provides a language-based methodology for culturally-sensitive persona development, and advances the potential of intersectional identities in intelligent agents.

2. People in Europe may be interested in this Swiss-based group. They support FemTech startups: Tech4Eva continues to build on its momentum and growth trajectory. It has attracted an unprecedented 189 applicants from 45 countries for its 4th edition and the selection committee chose 17 start-ups from 11 countries\

3. Exploring Gender Bias in Machine Translation of Legal Texts
CR Pérez, AJM Pleguezuelos - Gendered Technology in Translation and Interpreting …, 2024
Despite its aura of magic and fascination, AI operates through a complex algorithmic
pattern recognition system that processes massive amounts of data, requiring
significant computing resources, with a high associated cost not only from an 

4. How beyond-binary terms enrich research
Science needs terms beyond male and female, cis and trans to capture the nuances of human gender experience, argue three scholars of bioethics and sexual health. “How people identify shapes not only their experiences of
marginalization, but also their bodies — be it by influencing their smoking habits, whether they exercise, what they eat or whether they undergo hormone therapy or transition-related surgeries,” they explain. Including more than binary
categories where appropriate can enhance studies’ validity, sharpen research questions and help scientists to think about what they are really trying to capture, the trio says.

5. Ensuring accountability for consideration of sex as a biological variable in research
EA Kostas-Polston, M Bevans, TL Shea… - Nursing Outlook, 2024 - Elsevier
Abstract The National Institute of Health (NIH) policy, Consideration of Sex as a Biological
Variable (SABV) in NIH-funded Research (2015), focuses on the expectation that
researchers account for the influence of SABV in vertebrate animal and human studies and
provide a strong justification for single-sex investigations. When SABV is considered in the
research design, data analyses, and reporting, the rigor and reproducibility of the research
are elevated and inform best practices and precision health for all people. Additional …

6. Elena Gissi, "Sex-based differences affect conservation,” Science, Letter.
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adp1088

7. Partner Hire Scorecard: A Ranking of the Partner-friendly Status of US Universities
T Monahan, M Waltz, M Erol, JA Fisher - 2024
This report provides a complete overview of the Partner Hire Scorecard project.
The report’s goals are to provide clarity about the dual-career approaches of R1
universities in the United States. We’ve assessed publicly available documents …

8. BiasDora: Exploring Hidden Biased Associations in Vision-Language Models
C Raj, A Mukherjee, A Caliskan, A Anastasopoulos… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2024
Existing works examining Vision Language Models (VLMs) for social biases predominantly focus on a limited set of documented bias associations, such as gender: profession or race: crime.
This narrow scope often overlooks a vast range of …

9. Participation of transgender and gender diverse persons in cardiovascular clinical trials
R Stamatiou, G Kararigas - American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research …, 2024
Study objective Transgender persons face increased risk in developing
cardiovascular diseases due to administration of hormonal therapy used for gender expression,
or due to the presence of other risk factors, such as minority stress and …

10. Integrating sex and gender into biomedical research requires policy and culture change
A Witt, M Politis, R Norton, K Womersley - npj Women's Health, 2024
Most biomedical, health and care research does not adequately account for sex and gender dimensions of health and illness.
Overlooking and disregarding the influence of sex and gender in research reduces scientific rigour and reproducibility …

11. Challenges in Career Development for Women Academics: A Case Study of a First-Tier University in Mainland China
L Shi, I Lam, M Lai, L Li - Higher Education Policy, 2024
Women academics globally face various kinds of obstacles in their career
development. In China, strong traditional gender role expectations and male
domination in leadership particularly increase the difficulties they encounter. In this …

12. Women's strength in science: exploring the influence of female participation on research impact and innovation
W Shi, R Wu - Scientometrics, 2024
Prevailing attention centers on the plight of female scientists in modern academia. However, female contributions and potential remain insufficiently recognized.
To unravel this veil, we leverage large-scale cross-disciplinary datasets from SciSciNet …

13. Teaching gender medicine can enhance the quality of healthcare
AV Mattioli, V Bucciarelli, S Gallina - … Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and …, 2024
Teaching gender and sex differences is fundamental in medical classes because it has a strong impact in reducing disparity in treatment, in defining effective and personalized therapies that respect the different physiology and
pathophysiology of …

14. Understanding the Effects of Sex Ratio Variations on Ecosystem Sustainability and Environmental Quality
J Du, Y Men
Ecosystem sustainability and environmental quality, essential for life, are influenced
by various factors, including the critical but often overlooked aspect of the population sex ratio.
This study offers an in-depth analysis of how sex ratio variations in lamprey 

15. Promoting menstrual cups as sustainable alternative: a comparative study using a labeled discrete choice experiment
SP Citta, T Uehara, M Cordier, T Tsuge, M Asari - 2024
Despite being an essential component of daily life, the production and use of plastics are often inefficient and unsustainable (Notaro et al., 2022). Given the numerous negative effects of plastics on the environment, it is now widely …

16. Is it time to revise the fighting strategy toward Type 2 Diabetes? Sex and Pollution as New Risk Factors
M Barbieri, F Prattichizzo, R La Grotta, G Matacchione… - Ageing Research Reviews, 2024
Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic condition affecting around 537 million individuals
worldwide, poses significant challenges, particularly among the elderly population.
The etiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) depends on a combination of the 

17. Gender Diversity, Innovation, and Economic Growth: A Multi-Country Analysis
ZU Khan, MZ Khan, AU Khan - Forman Journal of Social Sciences, 2024
Studies show that gender diversity promotes creativity and innovative ideas.
This paper highlights the link through which gender diversity affects the generation of
innovative ideas. The paper modified the Jones (1995) R & D model by assuming …

18. A value hierarchy for inclusive design of heart valve implants in regenerative medicine
AFJ De Kanter, MV Daal, CJ Gunn, AL Bredenoord… - Regenerative Medicine, 2024
Aim: This paper investigates the conditions for inclusive design of regenerative medicine interventions from a bioethical perspective, taking regenerative valve implants as a showcase.
Methods: A value hierarchy is construed to translate the …

19. Discordance in chromosomal and self-reported sex in the UK Biobank: Implications for transgender-and intersex-inclusive data collection
SF Ackley, SC Zimmerman, JD Flatt, AR Riley, J Sevelius, KA Duchowny 
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2023

20. Workshop summary: National Institutes of Health (NIH) 2022 scientific workshop on gender and health
E Barr, PF Belaunzarán-Zamudio, JA Clayton… - Social Science & Medicine, 2024
… Schiebinger and Nielsen summarized their recent evaluation of gender-related measures for health,
which found that gender norms and gender relations appear to have stronger correlations with self-rated health measures than the variables 

All best, Londa  

Londa Schiebinger

Director, EU/US Gendered Innovations in Science, Health & Medicine, Engineering, and Environment Project
http://genderedinnovations.stanford.edu
John L. Hinds Professor of History of Science, Stanford University
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPST/schiebinger.html

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